备份、恢复与灾难恢复

本文介绍 OpenClaw 的备份和灾难恢复策略。

备份类型

配置备份

# 备份配置
openclaw config backup

# 指定备份路径
openclaw config backup --output /backup/config.tar.gz

数据备份

# 备份数据
openclaw data backup

# 备份指定数据
openclaw data backup --include sessions,knowledge

完整备份

# 完整备份
openclaw backup full

# 压缩备份
openclaw backup full --compress

备份配置

自动备份

{
  "backup": {
    "enabled": true,
    "schedule": "0 2 * * *",
    "retention": {
      "daily": 7,
      "weekly": 4,
      "monthly": 12
    },
    "destination": {
      "type": "local",
      "path": "/backup/openclaw"
    }
  }
}

远程备份

{
  "backup": {
    "destination": {
      "type": "s3",
      "bucket": "openclaw-backup",
      "region": "us-east-1",
      "prefix": "backups/"
    }
  }
}

恢复操作

配置恢复

# 列出备份
openclaw config list-backups

# 恢复配置
openclaw config restore /backup/config-2026-03-09.tar.gz

# 恢复指定版本
openclaw config restore --version 2026-03-08

数据恢复

# 恢复数据
openclaw data restore /backup/data-2026-03-09.tar.gz

# 恢复指定数据
openclaw data restore --include sessions --from backup.tar.gz

完整恢复

# 完整恢复
openclaw restore full --backup backup-2026-03-09.tar.gz

灾难恢复

恢复计划

disaster_recovery:
  rto: 4h  # 恢复时间目标
  rpo: 1h  # 恢复点目标
  
  steps:
    - name: 评估情况
      duration: 15m
    
    - name: 启动备用服务器
      duration: 30m
    
    - name: 恢复配置
      duration: 15m
    
    - name: 恢复数据
      duration: 1h
    
    - name: 验证服务
      duration: 30m
    
    - name: 切换流量
      duration: 30m

备用服务器

# 部署备用实例
openclaw deploy --standby --region us-west-2

# 同步配置
openclaw sync config --to standby

# 定期测试
openclaw test-failover --schedule weekly

故障转移

# 手动故障转移
openclaw failover --to standby

# 自动故障转移
openclaw failover enable --auto --threshold 3

备份策略

策略示例

{
  "backup": {
    "strategy": {
      "full": {
        "schedule": "0 2 * * 0",  # 每周日凌晨
        "retention": "90d"
      },
      "incremental": {
        "schedule": "0 2 * * 1-6",  # 工作日凌晨
        "retention": "30d"
      },
      "realtime": {
        "enabled": true,
        "target": "s3"
      }
    }
  }
}

备份验证

# 验证备份完整性
openclaw backup verify

# 测试恢复
openclaw backup test-restore --backup backup.tar.gz

云备份

S3 备份

{
  "backup": {
    "s3": {
      "enabled": true,
      "bucket": "my-backup-bucket",
      "region": "us-east-1",
      "encryption": "AES256",
      "lifecycle": {
        "transition_to_glacier": 30,
        "expire_after": 365
      }
    }
  }
}

加密备份

# 启用加密
openclaw backup enable-encryption --key alias/openclaw-backup

# 备份自动加密
# 解密恢复
openclaw restore --decrypt backup.tar.gz

恢复演练

定期演练

# 每月演练
openclaw disaster-recovery drill --schedule monthly

# 演练报告
openclaw disaster-recovery report

演练清单

• 确认备份可用性
• 验证恢复脚本
• 测试备用服务器
• 检查告警通知
• 验证数据完整性
• 记录恢复时间

下一步

• Docker 部署
• 安全配置
• 性能优化